Avaliação dos danos no alternador – causas típicas e tipos de danos

“Empastamento” dos motores de arranque

Se ocorrer o “empastamento” de motores de arranque, este pode fazer-se notar através de um elevado ruído durante o funcionamento e por um pinhão do motor de arranque danificado. Em situações extremas também pode estar danificada a coroa dentada do motor.

Danos nos motores de arranque com ímanes de ferrite

Em alguns tipos de motores de arranque, os enrolamentos de campo em cobre ou alumínio são substituídos por ímanes de ferrite. Nestes tipos de motores de arranque, uma das causas de avaria mais frequente deve-se a ímanes de ferrite partidos. Neste caso, os ímanes soltam-se da carcaça e partem.

Motor com falhas de ignição

Uma ignição ou bomba de injeção desregulada pode provocar danos num motor de arranque. Os danos típicos são rodas livres e engrenagens planetárias danificadas, bem como eixos de rotores e carcaças dos rolamentos partidos.

Funcionamento contínuo do motor de arranque

Os motores de arranque que trabalham continuamente podem ser identificados através de manchas na roda livre de roletes / pinhão, sinais de gripagem no eixo do rotor, coletor/enrolamento do eixo do rotor projetado e/ou uma bobina queimada do interruptor de solenoide.

Motor de arranque contaminado com óleo

Um motor de arranque contaminado com óleo pode ser facilmente identificado através de resíduos de óleo na carcaça do rolamento e no motor de arranque. Em situações extremas até pode ser identificado imediatamente através de sinais ou gotas de óleo no motor de arranque. Frequentemente, o cliente reclama este erro devido ao mau funcionamento do motor de arranque.

Sobrecarga dos motores de arranque

Por norma, um motor de arranque exposto a sobrecargas é facilmente identificado pelas manchas de descoloração no induzido, pelo enrolamento de campo queimado e pela bobina do interruptor do solenoide manchada ou queimada. Estas características são indícios para uma exposição a elevadas cargas térmica.

Overloaded starters

An overloaded starter can usually be identified by discolouring on the armature, a burnt field winding and a discoloured or a burnt solenoid switch coil. These are characteristics that indicate a high thermal load.

Causes: Starters are generally designed for short-time operation only. A continuous load due to an engine that starts poorly or not at all (incorrect setting, faults in the fuel supply, ignition system, mechanical faults) leads to overheating.

Effects: The consequential damage resulting from this overheating is usually short circuits due to the insulation burning. This leads to a total failure of the starte.

Overloaded starters

An overloaded starter can usually be identified by discolouring on the armature, a burnt field winding and a discoloured or a burnt solenoid switch coil. These are characteristics that indicate a high thermal load.

Causes: Starters are generally designed for short-time operation only. A continuous load due to an engine that starts poorly or not at all (incorrect setting, faults in the fuel supply, ignition system, mechanical faults) leads to overheating.

Effects: The consequential damage resulting from this overheating is usually short circuits due to the insulation burning. This leads to a total failure of the starte.

Overloaded starters

An overloaded starter can usually be identified by discolouring on the armature, a burnt field winding and a discoloured or a burnt solenoid switch coil. These are characteristics that indicate a high thermal load.

Causes: Starters are generally designed for short-time operation only. A continuous load due to an engine that starts poorly or not at all (incorrect setting, faults in the fuel supply, ignition system, mechanical faults) leads to overheating.

Effects: The consequential damage resulting from this overheating is usually short circuits due to the insulation burning. This leads to a total failure of the starte.

Overloaded starters

An overloaded starter can usually be identified by discolouring on the armature, a burnt field winding and a discoloured or a burnt solenoid switch coil. These are characteristics that indicate a high thermal load.

Causes: Starters are generally designed for short-time operation only. A continuous load due to an engine that starts poorly or not at all (incorrect setting, faults in the fuel supply, ignition system, mechanical faults) leads to overheating.

Effects: The consequential damage resulting from this overheating is usually short circuits due to the insulation burning. This leads to a total failure of the starte.

Overloaded starters

An overloaded starter can usually be identified by discolouring on the armature, a burnt field winding and a discoloured or a burnt solenoid switch coil. These are characteristics that indicate a high thermal load.

Causes: Starters are generally designed for short-time operation only. A continuous load due to an engine that starts poorly or not at all (incorrect setting, faults in the fuel supply, ignition system, mechanical faults) leads to overheating.

Effects: The consequential damage resulting from this overheating is usually short circuits due to the insulation burning. This leads to a total failure of the starte.